ănĭmăl, ālis (abl. animali; but Rhem. Palaem. p. 1372 P. gives animale), n. [as if for animale, which is found in Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 31 MS.; Lucr. 3, 635; cf. animalis], a living being, an animal. I. In the widest sense, ζῶον (cf. ζωός = living): inanimum est omne, quod pulsu agitatur externo, quod autem est animal, id motu cietur interiore et suo
, Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54, where it is opp. to the adj. inanimum, and therefore is equivalent to animale; cf. id. Ac. 2, 12: uti possint sentire animalia quaeque
, Lucr. 2, 973: cum omne animal patibilem naturam habeat, etc.
, Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 29; 2, 47, 122: formicae, animal minumum
, Plin. 7, 15, 13, 65; 28, 4, 6, 33 et saep.—Of men: animal providum et sagax homo
, Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 22; so id. Fin. 2, 13: sanctius his animal
, Ov. M. 1, 76: bicipites hominum aliorumve animalium
, Tac. A. 15, 47: (Vitellius) umbraculis hortorum abditus, ut ignava animalia, quibus cibum suggeras, jacent torpentque
, id. H. 3, 36; 4, 17: etiam fera animalia, si clausa teneas, virtutis obliviscuntur
, id. ib. 4, 64; id. Agr. 34: animalia maris
, id. A. 15, 37; Plin. 10, 63, 83, 171.—Also of the universe, considered as an animated existence: hunc mundum animal esse, idque intellegens et divinā providentiā constitutum
, Cic. Tim. 3; 4.—II. Sometimes in a more restricted sense, as antith. to man, a beast (as in Heb. , animal, from , to live): multa ab animalium vocibus tralata in homines
, Varr. L. L. 7, 5, 100: alia animalia gradiendo, alia serpendo, etc.
, Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122: animalia inusitata ceteris gentibus, nisi invecta
, Curt. 8, 9, 16; Sen. Ep 76, 6: si quod animal in mustum inciderit
, Col. 12, 31: si quod animal aurem intraverit
, Plin. 28, 4, 7, 37: similitudo non ab hominibus modo petitur, verum etiam ab animalibus
, Quint. 6, 3, 57.—Hence, with contempt, of a man: funestum illud animal, ex nefariis stupris concretum
, that pernicious brute
, Cic. Pis. 9.