πᾰ́θ-ημα, ατος, τό, dat. pl. παθημάτοις Com.Adesp.283 (Aetol. acc. to Eust. 279.42, 1761.36):—
that which befalls one, suffering, misfortune
, S.Tr.142, Th.4.48, etc.; τὸ π. τοῦ Χριστοῦ the passion
of Christ, 2 Ep.Cor.1.5; of good fortune, χαῖρε παθὼν τὸ π. (deification) Orph.Fr.32f: mostly in pl., Hdt.8.136, etc.; παθήμαθ' ἅπαθον S.OC361; ἀκούσια π., opp. ἑκούσια καὶ ἐκ προνοίας ἀδικήματα, Antipho 1.27; τὰ δέ μοι π. μαθήματα γέγονε my sufferings
have been my lessons (cf. πάθος 1.2), Hdt.1.207, cf. Ar.Th. 199, Pl.Smp.222b. II. emotion
or condition, affection
, π. τῆς ψυχῆς εἶναι τὴν σωφροσύνην, οὐ μάθημα X.Cyr.3.1.17, cf. Pl.Phd.79d; opp. ποίημα, Id.Sph.248b; τὸ τῆς ἑτέρας χειρὸς π. Plot.4.9.2; but in early writers mostly in pl., affections, feelings
, opp. ποιήματα, Pl.R.437b; τὰ περὶ τὸ σῶμα π. Id.Phlb.33d; ὅσα διὰ τοῦ σώματος π. ἐπὶ τὴν ψυχὴν τείνει Id.Tht.186c; π. ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ γιγνόμενα Id.R.511d; παθήμασιν ὑπηρετεῖν obey the feelings
, Arist.Pol.1254b24; opp. ἤθη, ἕξεις, Id.Rh. 1396b33, cf. Po.1449b28. 2. Medic., pl., troubles, symptoms
, Hp. VM2, Epid.2.2.24; π. καὶ νοσήματα Pl.R.439d, cf. 389c. III. in pl., incidents, happenings
, τὰ ἐν ..Ὀδυσσείᾳ π. ib.393b; πάντα εἴδη καὶ π. πολιτειῶν Id.Lg.681d. 2. incidents
or changes
of material bodies, τὰ οὐράνια π. Id.Ion 531c, cf. Phd.98a; τὰ τῆς σελήνης π. Arist. Metaph.982b16, cf. Mete.363a24, 365a12. 3. in Logic, incidents, properties
, or accidents
, Pl.Phdr.271b, Prm.141d, 157b, Arist.APo. 76b13, Cael.310a20; τὰ π. τὰ αἰσθητά, of colour, etc., Id.Sens.445b4.